Vision视觉
Human vision like that of other [w=primate]primates[/w] has evolved in an [w]arboreal[/w] environment. In the [w]dense[/w] complex world of a [w]tropical[/w] forest, it is more important to see well that to develop an [w]acute[/w] sense of smell. In the course of evolution members of the primate line have acquired large eyes while the [w]snout[/w] has shrunk to give the eye an [w]unimpeded[/w] view.人类的视觉,和其它灵长目动物的一样,是在丛林环境中进化出来的。在稠密、复杂的热带丛林里,好的视觉比灵敏的嗅觉更加重要。在进化过程中,灵长目动物的眼睛变大,同时鼻子变小以使视野不受阻碍。
Of [w=mammal]mammals[/w] only humans and some primates enjoy color vision. The red flag is black to the bull. Horses live in a [w]monochrome[/w] world.Light visible to human eyes however occupies only a very narrow band in the whole electromagnetic [w]spectrum[/w]. [w=ultraviolet]Ultraviolet[/w] rays are invisible to humans though ants and [w=honeybee]honeybees[/w] are sensitive to them. Humans have no direct perception of [w]infrared[/w] rays unlike the [w]rattlesnake[/w] which has [w=receptor]receptors[/w] [w=tune]tuned[/w] into wavelengths longer than 0.7 micron. The world would look [w]eerily[/w] different if human eyes were sensitive to infrared radiation. Then instead of the darkness of night, we would be able to move easily in a strange shadowless world where objects glowed with varying degrees of [w]intensity[/w]. 在哺乳类动物中,只有人和一些灵长目动物能够分辨颜色。红旗在公牛看来是黑色的,马则生活在一个单色的世界里。然而,人眼可见的光在整个光谱中只占一个非常狭窄的频段。人是看不到紫外线的,尽管蚂蚁和蜜蜂可以感觉到。与响尾蛇不同,人也不能直接感受到红外线。响尾蛇的感觉器可以感受波长超过0.7微米的光线。如果人能感受到红外线的话,这世界看上去将十分不同,而且恐怖。到那时,将与夜的黑暗相反,我们能轻易地在一个奇异的没有阴影的世界里走动。任何物体都强弱不等地闪着光。
But human eyes excel in other ways. They are in fact remarkably [w]discerning[/w] in color [w]gradation[/w]. The color sensitivity of normal human vision is rarely [w=surpass]surpassed[/w] even by [w]sophisticated[/w] technical devices.然而,人眼在其它方面有优越之处。事实上,人眼对颜色梯度具有非凡的分辨能力。普通人类的视觉感受色彩的灵敏程度,甚至连精密的技术装备都很难超越。
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